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When vaccine is given when influenza is already
circulating, chemoprophylaxis can be used to cover high-risk individuals
or their caretakers for the two weeks required to develop immunity
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Children aged <9 years who receive influenza vaccine for
the first time can require 6 weeks of chemoprophylaxis (i.e.,
chemoprophylaxis for 4 weeks after the first dose of vaccine and an
additional 2 weeks of chemoprophylaxis after the second dose).
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Consider for persons at high risk who are expected to
have an inadequate antibody response to influenza vaccine (patients with
HIV, particularly those with advanced disease)
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For use during peak influenza season by health care
workers or others providing care to those at high risk but who have NOT
been vaccinated.
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For use during influenza outbreaks in institutions even
if patients have been vaccinated
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When an outbreak is caused by a strain of influenza that
might not be covered by the vaccine